Determination of Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Different Thyme Species Grown in Çanakkale Conditions

Seniiha Ruken Pirinççioğlu & Bahri İzci

doi:https://doi.org/10.29329/actanatsci.2022.351.05

Original article | Acta Natura et Scientia 2022, Vol. 3(1) 44-50

Determination of Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Different Thyme Species Grown in Çanakkale Conditions

Seniiha Ruken Pirinççioğlu & Bahri İzci

pp. 44 - 50 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/actanatsci.2022.351.05 | Manu. Number: MANU-2201-10-0001.R1

Published online: June 08, 2022 | Number of Views: 51 | Number of Download: 470

Save PDF

Abstract

Turkey is one of the leading countries in the trade of medicinal and aromatic plants due to its geography, and while exporting many medicinal plants, it also imports many plants. Thyme is often used as a spice in meat, fish and many other dishes due to its aromatic properties. It is a scientific fact that the essential oils in thyme have a strong antimicrobial effect. Thymol, which gives the distinctive smell of thyme, is an advanced antimicrobial agent. For this reason, it is recommended by many scientists to use thyme in the preservation of ready-made foods and disinfection of foods. It is an important plant for the country's economy, as it is an important medicinal aromatic plant and meets a large part of the thyme used in the world. Thyme, which is obtained by collecting from nature and cultivating in our country, has been an important research topic for scientists and many positive results have been obtained and continue to be achieved. This research was carried out at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Agriculture in 2021 in order to reveal the effect of essential oils obtained from 3 different thyme grown in Çanakkale conditions on 4 different bacteria. As research material, essential oils of Izmir thyme (Origanum onites), Istanbul thyme (Origanum vulgare) and medical thyme (Thymus vulgaris) were obtained by hydro-distillation method, and the anti-bacterial activities of these essential oils were determined against the determined bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacaurmicium, Salmonella typhimurium. The antimicrobial activities of essential oils were determined by the disc diffusion method. As a result, according to the data obtained from all thyme essential oils, while all of them showed an antimicrobial effect on bacteria, the most antimicrobial activity was seen in O. onites and O. vulgare essential oils, while the least antimicrobial activity was seen in T. vulgaris essential oil. It showed the best activity in Origanum vulgare, especially on S. aureus (42 mm) and S. typhimurium (39 mm) bacteria. In the study, T. vulgaris had low activity against P. aeruginosa with an inhibition diameter of 19 mm.

Keywords: Thyme, Thymus, Origanum, Essential oil, Antimicrobial, Bacteria

How to Cite this Article?

APA 6th edition
Pirinccioglu, S.R. & Izci, B. (2022). Determination of Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Different Thyme Species Grown in Çanakkale Conditions . Acta Natura et Scientia, 3(1), 44-50. doi: 10.29329/actanatsci.2022.351.05

Harvard
Pirinccioglu, S. and Izci, B. (2022). Determination of Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Different Thyme Species Grown in Çanakkale Conditions . Acta Natura et Scientia, 3(1), pp. 44-50.

Chicago 16th edition
Pirinccioglu, Seniiha Ruken and Bahri Izci (2022). "Determination of Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Different Thyme Species Grown in Çanakkale Conditions ". Acta Natura et Scientia 3 (1):44-50. doi:10.29329/actanatsci.2022.351.05.

References

Aligiannis, N., Kalpoutzakis, E., Mitaku, S., & Chinou, I. B. (2001). Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of two Origanum species. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(9), 4168-4170. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001494m [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Aridoğan, B. C, Baydar, H., Kaya, S., Demirci, M., Özbaşar, D., & Mumcu, E. (2002). Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of some essential oils. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 25(6), 860-864. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02977005 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Azaz, A. D., Irtem, H. A., Kurkcuoğlu, M., & Baser, K. H. C. (2004). Composition and the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of some Thymus species. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 59(1-2), 75-80. [Google Scholar]
Baratta, M. T., Dorman, H. J. D., Deans, S. G., Biondi, D. M., & Ruberto G. (1998). Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of laurel, sage, rosemary, oregano and coriander essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 10(6), 618-627. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700989 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Baydar, H., Sağdiç, O., Özkan, G., & Karadoğan, T. (2004). Antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from Origanum, Thymbra and Satureja species with commercial importance in Turkey. Food Control, 15(3), 169-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(03)00028-8 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Baytop, A. (1991). Türkiye’de kullanılan yabani ve yetiştirilmiş aromatik bitkiler. Doğa Türk Eczacılık Dergisi, 1(2), 76-78. [Google Scholar]
Burt, S. A., & Reinders, R. D. (2003). Antibacterial activity of selected plant essential oils against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 36(3), 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01285.x [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Ceylan, A. (1983). Tıbbi Bitkiler-II. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayını No: 481, Bornova, İzmir, Türkiye. [Google Scholar]
Cingi, M. I., Kirimer, N., Sarikardasoglu, I., Cingi, C., & Baser, K. H. C. (1991). Origanum onites ve O. minutiflorum uçucu yağının farmakolojik etkileri. IX. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı Bildiriler Kitabı, Türkiye. [Google Scholar]
CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute). (2006). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Test. Approved Standard (9th ed.). Wayne, PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, M2-A9. [Google Scholar]
Dorman, H. J., & Deans, S. G. (2000). Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88(2), 308-316. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Evrendilek, G. A. (2015). Empirical prediction and validation of antibacterial inhibitory effects of various plant essential oils on common pathogenic bacteria. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 202, 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.030 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Farag, R. S., Daw, Z. Y., Hewedi, F. M., & El-Baroty, G. S. A. (1989). Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian spice essential oils. Journal of Food Protection, 52(9), 665-667. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-52.9.665 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Galambosi, B., Rey, C., & Vouillamaz, J. F. (2010). Suitability of Swiss herb cultivars under Finnish climatic conditions. Acta Horticulturae, 860, 173-180. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.860.25 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Gültepe, N., Bufrag, S. M. I., Abughadyra, I. R. A., Mohammed, K. A. O., & Alkhunni, S. B. A. (2019). Comparison of some medicinal plants and macrofungi essential oil components for antimicrobial activity against the human and fish pathogens. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(11), 458-473. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.811.057 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Kaskatepe, B., Yildiz, S. S., Kiymaci, M. E., Yazgan, A. N., Cesur, S., & Erdem, S. A. (2017). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the commercial Origanum onites L. oil against nosocomial carbapenem resistant extended spectrum beta lactamase producer Escherichia coli isolates. Acta Biologica Hungarica, 68(4), 466-476. https://doi.org/10.1556/018.68.2017.4.11 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Kılıç, A. (2008). Uçucu yağ elde etme yöntemleri [Methods of essential oil production]. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(13), 37-45. [Google Scholar]
Kunyanga, C. N., Imungi, J. K., Okoth, M. W., Biesalski, H. K., & Vadivel, V. (2012). Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of methanolic extract of raw and traditionally processed Kenyan indigenous food ingredients. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 45(2), 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2011.08.006 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Lisin, G., Safiyev, S., & Craker, L. E. (1999). Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils. Acta Horticulturae, 501, 283-288. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1999.501.45 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Marino, M., Bersani, C., & Comi, G. (1999). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. measured using a bioimpedometric method. Journal of Food Protection, 62(9), 1017-1023. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-62.9.1017 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Milad, M. B. K. (2018). Kastamonu’da kültüre edilen bilyalı kekik (Origanum onites L.) ve tıbbi adaçayının (Salvia officinalis L.) antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin incelenmesi [Investigation of antimicrobial activity of Turkish oregano (Origanum onites l.) and sage (Salvia officinalis l.) cultivation in Kastamonu]. [Ph.D. Thesis, Kastamonu University]. [Google Scholar]
Nychas G. J. E. (1995). New methods of food preservation. In G. W. Gould (Ed.), Natural antimicrobials from plants (pp. 58-89). Springer. [Google Scholar]
Öğütveren, M., Erdemgil, F. Z., Kürkçüoğlu, M., Özek, T., & Başer, K. H. C. (1992). Origanum onites L. uçucu yağının bileşimi [Composition of essential oil of Origanum onites]. VIII. Kimya ve Kimya Mühendisliği Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, Türkiye. pp. 119-124. [Google Scholar]
Ramanoelina, A. R., Terrom, G. P., Bianchini, J. P., & Coulanges, P. (1987). Antibacterial action of essential oils extracted from Madagascar plants. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 53(1), 217-226. [Google Scholar]
Rasooli, I., & Mirmostafa, S. A. (2003). Bacterial susceptibility to and chemical composition of essential oils from Tymus kotschyanus and Tymus persicus. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(8), 2200-2205. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0261755 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Sarac, N., Ugur, A., & Duru, M. E. (2009). Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the essential oils of Thymbra spicata var. intricata, International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 3(1), 24-28. https://doi.org/10.22377/ijgp.v3i1.51 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Volume 3 Issue 1

June 2022

All Articles